Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective To investigate the characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infection in hepatobiliary surgery, find the effective measures to reduce nosocomial infection. Methods The inpatient cases of hepatobiliary surgery from January to December of 2010 were retrospecvtively surveyed. Results 82 people and 105 cases were infected, the infection rate was 2.54%, case infection rate was 3.25%. Infection types of surgical site infection (41.90%), lower respiratory tract infection (26.67%) and blood stream infection (16.19 %). Of the isolated strains, the rates of bacterial were gram-negative bacteria (62.61%), gram-positive bacteria (30.43%) and fungi (6.96%). The patients after liver and pancreatic tumor resection with the highest postoperative infection rate (39.39% and 15.49%). Conclusion The hospital infection surveillance and rational use of antimicrobial drugs, improve the operation plan and shorten the operation time, strict aseptic technique, strengthening the management, and enhance awareness of medical staff hand hygiene is the important measures to reduce nosocomal infection in hepatobiliary surgery .

摘要： 目的 了解肝胆外科医院感染特点及其危险因素，探讨有效的预防控制措施，减少医院感染的发生。方法 对我院肝胆外科2010年所有住院患者，采取回顾性调查的方法进行研究。结果 肝胆外科医院感染共82人次，105例次，感染率2.54%，例次感染率3.25%；感染类型以手术部位感染（41.90%）、下呼吸道感染（26.67%）和菌血症（16.19%）为主；病原菌依次为革兰氏阴性菌（62.61%），革兰氏阳性菌（30.43%），真菌（6.96%）；肝肿瘤切除术和胰十二指肠切除术后的患者感染率最高，分别占术后感染的35.39%和15.49%。结论 肝胆外科医院感染以手术部位感染为主,感染的病原菌主要为革兰氏阴性菌, 肝脏和胰腺肿瘤手术是肝胆外科疾病医院感染增高的重要因素，应针对其特点，采取更积极及合理的治疗措施, 同时也应重点进行医院感染的监测。

关键词: 肝胆外科, 医院感染, 预防措施, Hepatobiliary Surgery , Nosocomal infection , Prevention measures