Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Female sexual dysfunction （FSD） frequently occurs during the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, manifesting as decreased sexual desire, difficulties in arousal, orgasmic disorders, and dyspareunia. FSD not only affects patients′ psychological well-being and intimate relationships but also significantly reduces their overall quality of life. The development of FSD in breast cancer patients is influenced by a combination of sociodemographic characteristics, treatment modalities, and cognitive-emotional factors. Various assessment tools have been employed to identify the presence and severity of FSD, providing a clinical basis for evaluation. Psychological interventions have gradually emerged as an important approach to alleviating FSD-related distress and have shown positive effects in improving sexual function. This review systematically summarizes the assessment tools, influencing factors, and psychological interventions for FSD in breast cancer patients, aiming to offer theoretical support for clinical practice and improve the sexual health of this population.

Key words: breast neoplasms, female sexual dysfunction, clinical assessment instruments, influencing factors, evidence-based interventions

摘要： 乳腺癌是全球女性中最常见的恶性肿瘤,其诊疗过程中常伴随女性性功能障碍（FSD）的发生,表现为性欲减退、性唤起困难、性高潮障碍及性交疼痛等。FSD不仅影响患者的心理状态和亲密关系,还显著降低其生活质量。乳腺癌患者的FSD受社会人口学特征、治疗方式及认知-情感因素的共同影响。目前已有多种评估工具被用于识别FSD状况和困扰水平,为临床评估提供了依据。心理干预逐渐成为解决FSD相关困扰的重要方式之一,对改善FSD具有积极意义。本文系统综述乳腺癌患者FSD的评估工具、影响因素与心理干预方式,旨在为临床提供理论参考,改善乳腺癌患者的性健康问题。

关键词: 乳腺癌, 女性性功能障碍, 评估工具, 影响因素, 干预措施