关键词: 甲状腺疾病, 乳腺疾病, 焦虑, 抑郁, 心理, 独立相关因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the detection rates and influencing factors of preoperative anxiety and depression in patients with breast and thyroid diseases, and to provide evidence for clinical psychological intervention. Methods Patients who underwent breast or thyroid surgery in the Department of Thyroid, Breast, and Hernia Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University from October to December 2025 were enrolled. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder7 （GAD7） and Patient Health Questionnaire9 （PHQ9） scales were used to assess anxiety and depression status. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore influencing factors of preoperative anxiety and depression. Results The preoperative detection rates of anxiety and depression were 23.9% and 25.0% among patients with thyroid diseases, versus 36.2% and 38.3% among patients with breast diseases, with mild-to-moderate symptoms being predominant. Surgical approach （P=0.048） and lack of preoperative puncture biopsy （P=0.044） were independent correlative factors for preoperative anxiety. Surgical approach （P=0.020） and low income level （P=0.044） were independent correlative factors for preoperative depression. No independent statistical association was found between disease type and preoperative anxiety or depression in this study. Conclusion Mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression are prevalent among patients undergoing breast and thyroid surgery preoperatively. Surgical approach, preoperative puncture status and income level are key influencing factors. Clinicians should attach importance to preoperative psychological assessment, implement individualized interventions targeting relevant risk factors, and comprehensively improve patients’ quality of life.

Key words: thyroid diseases, breast diseases, anxiety, depression, psychology, independent correlative factors